See spere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spere-hed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spere schaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sperwort"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spear"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "spere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "speir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English spere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *speru",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spære",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spear",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "speer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sper",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sperre",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"g": "",
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"g3": "",
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},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sperren"
},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres or sperren)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 10 8 11 11 10 4 4 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Shapes",
"orig": "enm:Shapes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spear or lance."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:spear",
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:spear"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 21 5 14 4 18 10 4 9 2 2 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 19 8 16 11 4 12 3 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 10 8 11 11 10 4 4 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Shapes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Lance of Longinus."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-j793znrr",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Lance of Longinus."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A barb or point."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-yaIFw2R0",
"links": [
[
"barb",
"barb"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 19 8 16 11 4 12 3 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 5 29 18 7 14 4 5 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Polearms",
"orig": "enm:Polearms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spearman; a soldier who wields a spear."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-zB52kOcf",
"links": [
[
"spearman",
"spearman"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛ̞ːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sphere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sphere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "sphere"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French sphere",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "sphaera"
},
"expansion": "Latin sphaera",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σφαῖρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French sphere, from Latin sphaera, from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sper",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sphere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spire",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 19 8 16 11 4 12 3 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"_dis": "12 16 10 8 11 11 10 4 4 4 13",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The cosmos, outer space"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-1CtQLtGa",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"cosmos",
"cosmos"
],
[
"outer space",
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The cosmos, outer space"
],
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]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 10 8 11 11 10 4 4 4 13",
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"langcode": "enm",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A globe or sphere representing outer space."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-puycg03K"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Astronomy",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 19 8 16 11 4 12 3 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-fYszZTHJ",
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[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"primum mobile",
"primum mobile"
]
],
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"(astronomy) The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sphere, ball, a spherical object."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:sphere",
"links": [
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"spherical",
"spherical"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:sphere"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspeːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"descendants": [
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "spera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin spera.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"g": "",
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"expansion": "spere",
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"partition, divider"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:partition",
"links": [
[
"partition",
"partition"
],
[
"divider",
"divider"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:partition"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "spere",
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sparre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sparre"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-n6kz0VZL",
"links": [
[
"sparre",
"sparre#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "spere",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to close",
"word": "sparren"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 16 10 8 11 11 10 4 4 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Shapes",
"orig": "enm:Shapes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sparren (“to close”)"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-verb-P2grc4ig",
"links": [
[
"sparren",
"sparren#Middle_English:_to_close"
]
],
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]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spere-hed"
},
{
"word": "spere schaft"
},
{
"word": "sperwort"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spear"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "spere"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "speir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "Old English spere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English spere",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spære",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spear",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "speer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sper",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sperre",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sperren"
},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres or sperren)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A spear or lance."
],
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:spear"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"The Lance of Longinus."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Lance of Longinus."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A barb or point."
],
"links": [
[
"barb",
"barb"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A spearman; a soldier who wields a spear."
],
"links": [
[
"spearman",
"spearman"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛ̞ːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
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"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
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{
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},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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}
],
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{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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"3": "σφαῖρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sper",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sphere",
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]
},
{
"form": "spire",
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}
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{
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"enm:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The cosmos, outer space"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"cosmos",
"cosmos"
],
[
"outer space",
"outer space"
]
],
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"(astronomy) The cosmos, outer space"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A globe or sphere representing outer space."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"primum mobile",
"primum mobile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sphere, ball, a spherical object."
],
"links": [
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"spherical",
"spherical"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:sphere"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspeːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "spera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin spera.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "spure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"partition, divider"
],
"links": [
[
"partition",
"partition"
],
[
"divider",
"divider"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:partition"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sparre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sparre"
],
"links": [
[
"sparre",
"sparre#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to close",
"word": "sparren"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sparren (“to close”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sparren",
"sparren#Middle_English:_to_close"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spere meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.